Your questions

Dear Sir/Madam!

In the case of a minor defect, repair in the mouth is possible. In the case of larger defects, the bridge must be removed and a new one made.

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Dear Sir/Madam!

There can be several causes of the problem described.
-Habits (biting hard objects) are among the very common ones.
-Clenching and grinding the teeth (bruxism) are also part of everyday dental practice. Patients most often grind individual teeth or groups of teeth at night and thereby excessively wear or even break them.
-Excessive loading of the incisors because of missing posterior teeth can likewise cause similar problems...

Lost tooth structure can certainly be replaced with composite materials (smaller defects) or with a dental crown, veneer or onlay in the case of larger defects.

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Dear Sir/Madam!

The price of whitening is 270 Eur.

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Dear Sir/Madam!

It is possible to reshape the teeth in question in the way you describe. Unlike ceramic veneers, the restoration is not as durable, so slight discoloration of the composite material can be expected over time. Composite materials also cannot achieve fracture strengths as high as ceramics, but in most cases the procedure meets patients’ expectations. The price of the procedure is approximately EUR 90.
I cannot comment on the specialist approach of your orthodontist; please trust your orthodontist.

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Dear Sir/Madam!

There is no doctrinally defined age limit for tooth whitening. We must be aware that from the time a tooth fully erupts into the oral cavity, the enamel matures (the crystal structure of the enamel changes due to the exchange of certain ions and the organisation of the arrangement of crystals). The quality of the enamel therefore continually improves (lower enamel permeability and consequently lower susceptibility to dental caries). These processes are accompanied by a change in enamel colour (the enamel becomes more transparent, so the colour of the dentine, which is brown, becomes more visible through the enamel itself, making the tooth appear darker). During whitening we change the surface layer of enamel back towards its original state, that is, we disorient and demineralise the crystals; the enamel becomes less permeable to light and therefore more milky in colour. Its quality is, of course, somewhat reduced by this. It therefore follows from the above that we generally do not recommend whitening, but if it is done, it is better to do it later. The theory described also implies that after whitening the enamel will once again undergo the maturation process, so the whitening effect is not permanent (we do not know how long it lasts).

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Dear Sir/Madam!

If this really is a purulent inflammation in the area of the root apex of the tooth described, the abscess must be drained (emptied). Drainage most often has to be performed in two ways:
-trepanation of the tooth, which allows the pus to drain outward through the root canals and the drilled tooth crown,
-incision of the swelling (if it is already present), which allows the pus to drain through the incision.
Later, once the acute inflammation has subsided, the tooth must undergo root canal treatment or be removed. I recommend X-ray diagnostics.

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Dear Sir/Madam!

Judging from what you have written, I conclude that this is a more severe infection of the wound after tooth extraction. The bacteria present can be various types and may normally be constantly present in the oral cavity, or the wound may have become infected by an external pathogen, which can happen very quickly in the mouth. When the infection spreads to the surrounding bone, we speak of osteomyelitis. The wound will heal very slowly; the process is accompanied by pain, swollen lymph nodes and possibly an elevated body temperature. Treatment requires an additional surgical procedure (cleaning the wound) and antibiotic support, which may involve more than one course of medication. Targeted antibiotic therapy based on a wound swab is recommended (this allows us to act directly against the causative organism). For additional information, please make an appointment for an examination.

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Dear Sir/Madam!

As far as I know, the procedures at the clinic are not only in line with modern standards but are in fact of the highest quality.

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Dear Sir/Madam!

Administration of anaesthesia can trigger neuralgic attacks. The condition is unpredictable and relatively difficult to treat: vitamin B complex, nerve blocks... I could tell you more after an examination. Please make an appointment at our practice.

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Dear Sir/Madam!

As I already explained, when the patient is conscious we do not need equipment to monitor vital functions. A more or less trained eye can distinguish a person who is breathing, ... from a person who is not. This, too, is monitoring vital functions.

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