Your questions

The insurance covers a metal post and a metal-veneered crown. For registered patients, the waiting time depends on how urgent the problem is. The crown is technically satisfactory, except for the thick edge on the veneer side, which constantly irritates the gum. The crown is not aesthetic.
There are many materials for making crowns. Let me limit the answer to the most common solution: a metal-ceramic crown with a prefabricated titanium root post. (Price EUR 230). We can make an appointment for you by phone. You will receive a date within fourteen days.

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Complications in implantology are very rare. If the conditions for implantation are good (good hygiene, non-smoker, healthy person, no medication, favourable anatomy...), you should not expect any. In the case of an upper first molar, attention must be paid to the proximity of the maxillary sinus or paranasal cavity. If the bone thickness up to the sinus wall is too small, implant placement is combined with an internal or external sinus-floor elevation, which can somewhat prolong the procedure and slightly increase the risk of complications (sinus membrane rupture, sinusitis), but the percentage is very low. In the case of a lower first molar, we may have a similar problem with sufficient bone thickness to the mandibular canal, through which the nerve supplying sensation to the lower dentition, the skin of the chin and the lower lip runs. If the bone thickness to the canal is insufficient, we add artificial bone, which can again make the procedure somewhat more complicated. If the nerve is injured (which, of course, must not happen), sensation in the skin of the chin and lower lip is impaired. Complications are extremely rare. The price of an implant is EUR 900.
Teeth can be whitened, but not completely uniformly, because different discolourations (different crystal structure of the enamel) respond differently to whitening. For a high aesthetic result, a more radical approach will be necessary: making aesthetic veneers or crowns. The price depends on the procedure: whitening EUR 270, veneer EUR 320, crown from EUR 210 to EUR 380.
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Dear Sir/Madam!

The tooth can certainly be whitened. Whitening techniques vary considerably. With non-vital teeth we most often have to remove the dark layers of dentine beneath the enamel, so the procedure is somewhat more radical than whitening vital teeth. Price: EUR 80.
If the dental crown is severely damaged (existing fillings, cracks, consequences of trauma...) then it is advisable to use a more radical approach by inserting a root post and making a dental crown that will be functionally and aesthetically flawless. To decide on the treatment, we ask you to visit the practice. You can make an appointment by phone.

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Imitation diamonds are available in different sizes and colors. For bonding, the adhesive supplied by the manufacturer that also sells the diamonds is used. The adhesives are weak and do not damage tooth enamel, but the bond strength is correspondingly limited. The diamond can fall off while eating, brushing the teeth... How long it remains on the tooth also depends on the curvature of the tooth surface to which it is bonded. They usually remain on the tooth for a few months up to a year. It can also be bonded permanently, but the adhesives and cements are stronger and, upon removal, need to be additionally polished off the tooth surface. In that case we could theoretically speak of damage to the tooth surface.

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A primary tooth is not replanted into the tooth socket, so it is not important to look for it at the scene of the accident; instead, focus on the injured child and take them to a dentist or doctor. Permanent teeth can be reinserted into the alveolus (their original position), so it is important to find the tooth at the site of injury. You can replant the tooth yourself: rinse the tooth with saline solution (never with water or alcohol), orient it correctly and push it into the alveolus, then have the child bite gently on a folded gauze pad or tissue. In this state, take the child to the dentist. If you cannot do this, store the tooth in saline solution, milk or saliva. Place the closed plastic bag containing the tooth and the medium (saline, saliva, milk, blood) inside another bag containing a cooling medium (ice, cold water) and close it again. Take the tooth and the injured child to the dentist as quickly as possible. Reimplantations are very successful within the first six hours after injury. Of course, with such injuries you must first and foremost pay attention to factors that could (God forbid) endanger the patient's life (major bleeding, injury to the head and neck, choking on a tooth, blood or saliva, level of consciousness...) May there be as few injuries as possible!

If the reasons for extracting the tooth are obvious, then of course it needs to be removed. Marivarin in principle does not represent a major obstacle to an oral-surgical procedure. Patients usually stop taking Marivarin five days before the procedure and start taking it again the day after the procedure. Of course, the patient's health status must make such interruption acceptable. If stopping the medication is not acceptable because of an increased risk of worsening the condition, professional doctrine allows procedures at quite high INR values (up to 2.3). Because of this, the surgical wound receives special treatment after the procedure (the wound is sutured, and substances for faster hemostasis are placed in the alveolus). Taking Marivarin must not be a reason to postpone an urgent procedure.

Be brave!

Darkening of an incisor is a sign that the tooth died because of trauma to the pulp during the injury. A dead tooth must be properly treated endodontically, meaning that the dead pulp tissue has been removed from the root canal and the canal filled with a synthetic material. In this way we try to prevent bacteria from developing in the root canal, which could later cause periapical inflammation in the bone (granulomas, cysts).
However, this still does not solve the aesthetic problem. After root canal treatment, a dead tooth usually needs fixed prosthetic treatment: placement of a root post and fabrication of an artificial crown. This protects the tooth against fractures, because dead teeth themselves tolerate biting loads poorly, while at the same time the crown is also an excellent aesthetic solution. Whitening a dead tooth alone usually does not provide satisfactory aesthetic results, and in any case does not reinforce the crown portion as an artificial crown and root post do.

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Apicoectomy is an oral-surgical procedure in which the tip of the root of a diseased tooth is removed. This is done through an opening in the bone that we drill precisely above the root tip from the vestibular side (the part of the dental arch facing the lips or cheek). The size of the opening depends on the size of the diseased tissue (root tip and surrounding bone) and on the direction or difficulty of access to the target tissue.
We perform apicoectomy when root canal treatment, for various reasons, has not been and cannot be successful. The reliability of the procedure is around 70%.
No special preparation is required. The surgeon should be informed if you suffer from diabetes, heart disease, hemophilia, epilepsy... Taking medications that inhibit blood clotting or medications used to treat cancer can also influence postoperative complications. Pregnancy is also a relative contraindication.
After the procedure, the surgical area should be cooled for some time; sometimes we also prescribe analgesics, anti-inflammatory medication and antibiotics, depending on the difficulty of the procedure and the degree of disease before the procedure.

Dental treatment is, at least according to the literature and our clinical experience, completely safe. The world literature describes only a few cases of allergic reactions supposedly associated with preservatives added to anesthetic solutions. Of course, local complications could theoretically occur, such as a local hematoma resulting from injury to a blood vessel caused by the needle as it passes through tissue. A hematoma can become infected, which means an additional complication, so in the case of larger hematomas we prescribe an antibiotic. Nerve injuries from the needle are almost impossible. Breakage of a needle in the tissue can be a serious complication that needs to be managed with an additional surgical procedure to remove the broken part. Anesthetics themselves are completely safe solutions and their effects disappear entirely within a short period of time.
Feeling faint during administration of the anesthetic is a consequence of vasovagal syncope (fear) and not an effect of the local anesthetic.

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Wisdom teeth are extracted when there is no other solution for the problem they cause: a crown destroyed by caries, associated root caries, periapical processes that cannot be treated with root canal therapy, periapical cysts, resorption of root dentin on neighboring second molars because of an improper position, constant accumulation of food around the crowns because of improper position...
In the wisdom-tooth region, the periodontal tissue often becomes inflamed as a result of food debris collecting around or behind the tooth crown. The inflammation can be severe and can even cause enlarged and painful local lymph nodes, elevated body temperature and inability to open the mouth (trismus). If such inflammation recurs, this is likewise a sufficient indication for extraction. Removal of the gum tissue around the tooth crowns (decapsulation) as an auxiliary solution is usually not sufficient.
It is a misconception that eruption of wisdom teeth causes crowding of the front teeth or tight dental alignment; until recently this was still considered a sufficient reason for removal. For an exact decision we need a panoramic X-ray and clinical examination.

Have a nice day.