Your questions

This is a fairly common occurrence and the causes are probably related to the placement of the new filling. The tooth becomes hypersensitive because its vital soft tissue, located in the centre of the tooth, is in a pre-inflammatory state (pulpal hyperaemia). This condition develops due to irritation while removing tooth decay, which may have been very deep, or while removing an old filling. Drilling produces heat, vibrations..., and the procedure is certainly very invasive and can leave consequences for the tooth. The chemical processes involved in bonding and setting the filling may also further irritate the dental pulp. All of this can be partly avoided through working methods and the use of less invasive materials, but some harmful effect will always remain.
In any case, in your place I would try to tolerate it for a while if the pain is not too severe. Hypersensitivity to osmotic changes (sour, sweet, cold, hot, drying...) can be present for up to six months after the filling is made. If the tooth also becomes sensitive to biting or tapping, however, the situation is entirely different. In that case, return to your dentist.

I wish you a speedy improvement!

The classic solution would be to replace the missing tooth with a fixed prosthetic construction or bridge. This solution is appropriate if the neighbouring teeth bordering the gap are already considerably affected: their crowns have been extensively built up with filling materials, they already have artificial crowns, they are non-vital, or they have been affected by a deep or extensive carious process. If the neighbouring teeth have these problems, we consider that reshaping them to receive new crowns that will support the missing tooth at the site of the second premolar does not damage them further or remove healthy hard dental tissue. In these cases, placing two crowns on the bridge abutment teeth can actually also solve problems that those teeth already have.
In all other cases, where grinding the neighbouring teeth would destroy healthy enamel, we recommend placing an implant. In your case, one implant would support an individual crown, while the neighbouring teeth would not be touched at all. Of course, certain conditions must be met for surgery: sufficient bone, adequate density, excellent hygiene, absence of occlusal disturbances... Certain diseases may also partially interfere with the procedure: diabetes, blood-clotting disorders, certain psychiatric disorders, osteoporosis... In any case, all of these are only partial obstacles that can be overcome with additional procedures so that the operation can be carried out successfully.

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Amalgam was for a long time a subject of controversy in professional dental circles, precisely because of the question of which substances in it are actually harmful and to what extent. The harmful substance is mercury (Hg), or rather its vapours, which are released from the filling. The main part is released when the filling is made or later when it is removed, while a smaller proportion is not limited to these two moments but is continuously present. The matter sounds serious, but it should be stressed that the quantities are extremely small and, compared with the amounts of mercury we receive from food or otherwise from the environment, almost negligible. It would therefore be difficult to say that amalgam fillings are genuinely harmful; the issue is more a matter of principle. We cannot claim that fillings are completely without any harmful effect, but with common sense and the available data we can see that this is not a case of poisoning the body. A greater problem is the ecological issue, since until recently large quantities of waste amalgam ended up in drains, floor pores in dental practices, etc...
Amalgam is still a good material of choice for fillings in the posterior region (from the canines backwards), at least in comparison with white fillings. It is the only material that expands as it sets and thus provides an exceptionally good marginal seal of the filling. In addition, it has high fracture strength and low wear. Its practically only problem is aesthetic.

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Dear Sir/Madam! Keep the piece that has broken off (if you find it) in physiological saline. Since this is usually not at hand, it can be replaced with saliva that the child spits into a cup or plastic bag, or with milk. The cup or bag containing the fragment and storage medium can be cooled with cold water or ice. Do not rinse the fragment with water or alcohol under any circumstances and do not let it dry out. Bring the fragment with you to the dental office, where it will most likely be possible to bond it back to the tooth. If the fragment is not available, the dentist will replace the missing part with a suitable material. I wish you as few injuries as possible!

Dear Sir/Madam!

A ceramic inlay made using E-max technology costs EUR 250. There are several different types of ceramic inlays, so prices vary: from EUR 190 to EUR 320.

We look forward to your visit.

Every patient has a free choice of dentist. Every dentist in this country is obliged to accept you according to ethical and moral duty, the insurer's rules and the professional code. The waiting time, of course, depends on the number of registered patients. These waiting times are published for each concession holder on the ZZZS website. We will also be happy to accept you. Call for a first examination; it is non-binding and free of charge. Afterwards you can decide for yourself about registration, which can be completed within one year.

We look forward to your visit!

Dear Sir/Madam!

We can make a complete denture for you relatively quickly, given that there have recently been no procedures that could have caused changes to the supporting surface of the denture (alveolar ridges, palate). Four visits are required for fabrication, which means ten to fourteen days. We can schedule you within one week of your call (5300660 or 040294488).
The price of the denture depends on its type. A conventional complete upper denture costs EUR 500. For the lower jaw, it would be worth considering a denture with a cast base because you still have some of your own teeth (price EUR 710). It would be difficult to discuss other types of dentures without a panoramic X-ray and clinical examination, so we ask you to visit the practice.

We look forward to your visit.

Your question is not defined precisely enough for me to discuss the treatment method and price. To make the answer easier, please send me (by e-mail) or bring a panoramic dental X-ray. With your visit, the answer would be straightforward. There is no waiting period for fabrication. Payment in instalments is possible.

It is very difficult to discuss the method of treatment without an appropriate X-ray. If the lesion in the bone around the root apex is not too large, I would certainly try to preserve the tooth. If the root canal is not negotiable, it would be worth attempting root canal retreatment and, of course, thermoplastic filling as far as the canal is negotiable. If the X-ray findings were not favourable, I would also try surgery on the root tip, or apicoectomy, although without prior repeat root canal treatment it would not be as successful. The success rate of apicoectomy with prior root canal treatment is almost 80%. The use of operating microscopes, apex locators and digital X-ray equipment in root canal treatment greatly increases its success rate.
We provide all of the listed services in our practice. We also have a public concession. You can make an appointment by phone or by e-mail. We look forward to your visit.
Trust your dentist.

Have a nice day!

Proper tartar removal does not damage healthy enamel. After tartar removal with a sonic or ultrasonic scaler, the teeth should also be polished or at least air-polished so that they feel pleasant and smooth. Additionally polished enamel is also less susceptible to renewed tartar accumulation.
As far as tartar formation is concerned, there is nothing more you can do for your teeth than clean them well. Cleaning with dental floss and an interdental brush is highly recommended. You will never completely stop tartar from forming, but you can limit it in the manner described.
I am not familiar with Sarakan toothpaste.

Have a nice day.